Knowledge Organisers: A teacher's guide

What is a knowledge organiser?

A knowledge organiser is a concise, structured document designed to capture the essential facts, concepts, and vocabulary related to a particular topic. Typically presented on a single page, it serves as both a teaching aid and a learning tool, making it easier for students to access, retain, and apply knowledge. Knowledge organisers have become a central feature of many schools’ , valued for their ability to support learning across diverse curriculum areas.

These organisers usually include factual knowledge presented in digestible chunks, key vocabulary with clear definitions, often supported by visual sound teachingmethods, and visual representations such as diagrams, maps, or timelines. Their content is tailored to the subject and topic, ensuring relevance and alignment with learning goals. For example, a knowledge organiser on the Stone Age might feature a timeline of key events, while one on mountain ranges could include a map highlighting major geographical features. By presenting information in a visually appealingand organised format, knowledge organisers , enabling students to focus on understanding and recalling the most critical elements.

As a cornerstone of modern curricula, knowledge organisers provide a roadmap for both teachers and students, supporting the teaching process while offering learners a scaffolding and reference tool. Whether used to introduce new content, consolidate learning, or , they are instrumental in developing academic success.

how knowledge organisers are created, their benefits, and practical ways to integrate them into classroom practice effectively.

‍

What information is provided in a knowledge organiser?

In each curriculum subject, there is essential knowledge on which students should pay more attention and build on their knowledge over time. Here, knowledge organisers provide help, as they concentrate on one topic or subject and gradually increase their complexity.

But, it can be difficult to decide what to write about any particular topic on the two sides of A4. This difficulty is a blessing in disguise as it compels us to think about what children should learn. Education experts believe that the actual power of knowledge organisers lies in the fact that they make people think hard about what must be taught to the children. 

‍

Who uses knowledge organisers?

Knowledge organisers can be an essential tool for the children, parents and class teachers. Most commonly, teachers make the knowledge organiser, to show what they want from the children to learn about a topic, and to elucidate their own .

Subject leaders, headteachers and school leaders, may assess a series of knowledge organisers to check for continuity and progression both across and within curriculum subjects and to assure that expectations and standards for learning are being accomplished, and if not, what continuing professional development is required.

Students can revise, review and assess their subject knowledge using their knowledge organisers. The secret to success lies in regularly revisiting the concepts to be learned. This helps students to transfer from their short-term memory to .

And lastly, knowledge organisers provide a precise and easy to understand way to parents to become more aware of what their children are learning at the school.

‍

How are knowledge organisers used in the classroom?

There are numerous ways to use knowledge organisers, but the following are the most important ways to make the most of knowledge organisers in a classroom setting.

• Teachers can use knowledge organisers as and give them to the children before starting a new lesson. It is also recommended to send a knowledge organiser's copy home.
• Knowledge organisers can be used as a retrievaltool. Teachers will ask the children if they know more than what is included in the knowledge organiser. Children will be asked ‘why’ questions to broaden their understanding and add detail. This will not only help the students to improve their knowledge beyond the baseline outlined on the knowledge organiser but they will also build stronger subject schemas.
• A major benefit Of Knowledge Organisers is, they can be used as an assessment tool to identify gaps in knowledge throughout the topic.
• A large copy of the knowledge organiser can be displayed on a working wall saves teachers time for the class. Easy access to the knowledge organiser will make it easier for the learners to add new details around it.
• Teachers in primary schools can use knowledge organisers to strengthen their knowledge in any subject area in the primary curriculum.
• Children can keep the knowledge organisers in their topic books for regular reference to basic knowledge or to focus and enhance their knowledge in a specific area.
• A fantastic knowledge organiser serves as the handy vocabulary and spelling reference tool. Keeping the knowledge organisers visible at all times help the children to use the correct vocabulary appropriately.
• Knowledge organisers must be provided at the beginning of the topic, to ask the children what information has stimulated their interest, and if they want to ask any questions.
• Contextual Knowledge organisers provide a great way to make links between students' learning. For instance, children can be reminded of a past year’s knowledge organiser and discuss how their new knowledge connects and builds upon their previous knowledge.
• When adopted properly, students frequently use their knowledge organisers in class and for their homework tasks. In secondary classes, teachers give specific home tasks focused on the knowledge organiser, or students can use their knowledge organisers to revise any topic.

‍

What are the benefits of using Knowledge Organisers?

Knowledge organisers have many benefits for students. The primary benefit of knowledge organisers is they provide teachers and children with the ‘bigger picture’ of a topic or key concepts of a party subject area. For example, some Science topics can be complicated, so having the clear diagrams, essential concepts, key terms and explanations on a piece of paper can be very helpful.

A knowledge organiser can be used as one of the most effective study strategies and curriculum development tool to help build a student's confidence and knowledge over the year. Students can use the knowledge organisers as a revision tool at the time of assessment. Using a Knowledge Organiser Template allows students to make links, which allows information to move into their long-term memory.

For teachers, the knowledge organiser serves as a powerful knowledge tool that provides supports while teaching a lesson. Teachers can construct their lesson around it to ensure that they include the main information in a sequence of lessons and that they test knowledge-based outcomes on basis of their teaching. However, a teacher must have complete knowledge of the concept maps, the outline of knowledge, conceptual framework, and paper copies of the knowledge that they want their students to learn over time. These resources can end up forming the basis for retrieval practice. Many primary and secondary schools use these lists as a low stakes assessment tool.

Organisations such as the Education Endowment Foundationand the Chartered College have facilitated explored the efficacy as an effective study strategy. They are certainly useful for independent study in the run-up to exams.

‍

7 Effective Uses of Knowledge Organisers

Knowledge Organisers (KOs) have emerged as a powerful tool to facilitate meaningful learning and enhance the efficiency of the educational process. Here are seven effective uses of KOs:

1. Facilitating Retrieval Practice: KOs can be used to support the retrieval of substantive knowledge, particularly in subject areas like history.
2. Reducing Cognitive Load: By organising key information in a structured manner, KOs can help , enabling students to focus on understanding the material.
3. Promoting Deeper Understanding: KOs can help students gain a deeper understanding of a subject discipline by providing a clear overview of key themes and concepts.
4. Supporting Previous Learning: KOs can serve as a valuable tool for revisiting and reinforcing previous learning.
5. Enhancing Study Strategies: KOs can be used to develop effective study strategies, helping students to approach their learning in a more structured and efficient way.
6. Aiding in Assessment: Teachers can use KOs as a reference point for assessing students' understanding and progress.
7. Encouraging Independent Learning: KOs can helps students to take charge of their own learning, developing skills of self-study and long-term retention.

As an example, a school implemented KOs in their history classroom to support the retrieval of substantive knowledge for GCSE. The results showed a significant improvement in students' ability to recall and apply key historical facts and concepts.

Many teachers who have implemented knowledge organisers report improvements in students' ability to retain and recall key information.

Key Insights:

• KOs facilitate retrieval practice and reduce cognitive load.
• They promote a deeper understanding of subject disciplines.
• KOs support previous learning and enhance study strategies.
• They aid in assessment and encourage independent learning.

‍

What are the potential drawbacks of using knowledge organisers?

Like other tools and education-related experiences of students, knowledge organisers have their potential pitfalls too. Some of the recent criticism is related to the idea that they are nothing more than a basic contents list of information. We know that a basic linear list is difficult to remember as it lacks any semantic structure. If you are exploring models of memory in view of improving students retention of knowledge we recommend that you explore the Universal Thinking Framework. This knowledge building toolkit enables students to construct robust schematic understanding.



Some of the criticisms of knowledge organisers are listed below:

• It can be tricky to create knowledge organisers. It takes a lot of time to create them and teachers must read deeply about their subject. It can be difficult to decide what to omit and what to include, and other teachers may have different opinions.
• Facts should be correct, relevant and updated. Only trusted sources of information must be used.
• The knowledge provided in the organiser must be clear and age-related that children can depend on and use on regular basis.
• Some children may not feel comfortable and they may need other kinds of visual or verbal resources such as flashcards or audio recordings to understand the concept.
• Finally, knowledge organiser contents must be thoughtfully decided. Not everything related to a topic can be included on a knowledge organiser. One may need to carefully decide which details are ‘spoilers’ and which may stimulate curiosity.

The above potential pitfalls can be easily avoided and must not stop someone from using and creating knowledge organisers for the students. Indeed, knowledge organisers provide an essential curriculum tool in teachers' resource toolkit, supporting a well-planned and coherent curriculum.

‍

Frequently Asked Questions

What exactly is a knowledge organiser and how does it differ from other teaching resources?

A knowledge organiser is a concise, structured document that captures essential facts, concepts, and vocabulary related to a particular topic, typically presented on a single page. Unlike other teaching resources, it serves as both a teaching aid and learning tool by distilling key information into digestible chunks with visual representations such as diagrams, maps, or timelines. Its power lies in making educators think carefully about what children should learn, as the constraint of fitting content onto two sides of A4 forces prioritisation of the most critical elements.

‍

How should teachers introduce and use knowledge organisers effectively in their classroom practice?

Teachers should provide knowledge organisers at the beginning of a topic to give students the 'bigger picture' and send copies home to parents. They can be used as retrieval tools by asking students 'why' questions to deepen understanding beyond the baseline content, and as assessment tools to identify knowledge gaps throughout the topic. Displaying a large copy on a working wall provides easy access for students to reference vocabulary and add new details around existing knowledge.

‍

What specific information should be included when creating a knowledge organiser for a curriculum topic?

Knowledge organisers should include essential factual knowledge presented in digestible chunks, key vocabulary with clear definitions, and visual representations tailored to the subject. For example, a Stone Age knowledge organiser might feature a timeline of key events, whilst one on mountain ranges could include a map highlighting major geographical features. The content should be carefully selected to represent what children must learn, with the constraint of fitting onto A4 helping to focus on the most critical elements.

‍

How can knowledge organisers support students' memory retention and long-term learning?

Knowledge organisers help transfer information from short-term to long-term memory through regular revisiting of concepts, which is the secret to their success. They allow students to make connections between different pieces of learning, which supports the movement of information into long-term memory. Students can use them as revision tools during assessments and for independent study, particularly in the run-up to examinations.

‍

What are the main benefits of knowledge organisers for parents and school leaders?

For parents, knowledge organisers provide a precise and easy-to-understand way to become aware of what their children are learning at school. School leaders, including subject leaders and headteachers, can assess series of knowledge organisers to check for continuity and progression across curriculum subjects, ensuring learning standards are being met. They also help identify what continuing professional development may be required for teachers.

‍

How can knowledge organisers be used to build connections between different learning topics and year groups?

Knowledge organisers provide an excellent way to make links between students' learning by reminding children of previous year's organisers and discussing how new knowledge connects to prior learning. This contextual approach helps students build stronger subject schemas and see progression in their understanding over time. Teachers can use them to show how current topics build upon foundation knowledge from earlier years.

‍

What practical homework and revision strategies can incorporate knowledge organisers?

In secondary classes, teachers can set specific homework tasks focused on the knowledge organiser content, whilst students can use them independently to revise any topic. They serve as effective study strategies and low-stakes assessment tools, allowing students to test their recall of key information. Knowledge organisers are particularly useful for independent study and retrieval practice in preparation for formal assessments and examinations.

‍

Further Reading: Key Research Papers

These peer-reviewed studies provide deeper insights into knowledge organisers: a teacher's guide and its application in educational settings.

The Quantitative and Qualitative Study of the Effectiveness of the Problem-based Learning Approach in Teaching Research Methods 39 citations

Kaeedi et al. (2023)

This study compares problem-based learning with traditional lecture-based approaches for teaching research methods in postgraduate social science programs. It demonstrates how active, problem-solving pedagogies can be more effective than passive information delivery, which is relevant for teachers considering how to structure knowledge organisers to promote active rather than rote learning.

Research on student-researcher pedagogy in geography education (Author, Year) explores effective approaches to integrating research methodologies within curriculum design, demonstrating how students can develop critical inquiry skills whilst engaging with geographical concepts through hands-on investigative practices.

Walkington et al. (2019)

This paper explores how to integrate student-led research activities within geography curriculum design, focusing on making research skills accessible to all higher education students. It provides insights for teachers on how knowledge organisers can be designed to scaffold independent inquiry and research skills rather than simply presenting facts.

Using Systematic Instruction and Graphic Organizers to Teach Science Concepts to Students With Autism Spectrum Disorders and Intellectual Disability 117 citations

Knight et al. (2013)

This research examines how graphic organisers and systematic instruction can help students with autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disabilities learn science concepts more effectively. It offers valuable evidence for teachers about how visual knowledge organisers can support diverse learners and make complex information more accessible through structured visual formats.

Know Pain, Know Gain? A Perspective on Pain Neuroscience Education in Physical Therapy. 86 citations

Louw et al. (2016)

This paper discusses pain neuroscience education approaches in physical therapy training, focusing on how complex scientific concepts can be communicated effectively to students and patients. It provides insights for teachers about how knowledge organisers can be used to break down complex scientific information into digestible, memorable formats.

Research on visual learning aids across diverse learning styles 13 citations (Author, Year) demonstrates how different visual representations and multimedia resources can effectively support students with varying learning preferences in secondary education settings, providing evidence-based strategies for teachers to enhance comprehension and engagement across heterogeneous classrooms.

Qasserras et al. (2024)

This research investigates how visual learning aids impact students with different learning styles in high school settings, drawing on cognitive load theory and dual coding theory. It offers evidence-based insights for teachers about how knowledge organisers can be designed to accommodate visual, auditory, and kinesthetic learners while managing cognitive load effectively.